胸腰段脊柱结构走行过程的断层观察

Thin-layer sectional anatomy of the thoracolumbar spine

目的:明确胸腰段脊柱在冠状、矢状和水平断面的解剖学特点,探讨薄层断层解剖学技术在观测胸腰段脊髓及脊神经根走行过程中各相关结构的临床应用价值。方法:40例成人尸体胸腰段脊柱标本经改良火棉胶技术包埋后分别在冠状、矢状和水平位行250μm厚的连续切片,观察胸腰段中央椎管、侧椎管及椎间管内各结构的形态特征和毗邻关系,并同时测量相关结构指标。结果:可详细描述胸腰段各典型结构在不同方位标本切片上表现,借助三维重建软件可测量分析椎体和椎板等结构参数。结论:三个方位的断层解剖切片均可较好地显示腰骶膨大、脊神经根各结构的位置关系,为正确辨认其在手术视野中表现提供解剖学依据,对脊髓源性疾病的诊疗具有重要价值。

Objective： To explore sectional anatomic features on coronal, sagittal and transverse sections of thoracolumbar spine, and probe clinical values of thin-layer sectional technique. Methods： Adopting improved celloidin embedding technique, 40 adult thoracolumbar spinal specimens were made serial coronal, sagittal and transverse sections with the thickness of 0.25mm. The morphologic characteristics and adjacent relations of structures concerning with central and lateral vertebral canal and intervertebral foramina were surveyed and measured. Results： The representative structures of thoracolumbar spine on coronal, sagittal and transverse sections can be described in detail, while the structural parameters of vertebral canal and vertebral plate can be measured and analyzed through the software of three-dimensional reconstruction. Conclusions： The position and relationships of anatomic structures of lumbosacral enlargement and spinal nerve root can be clearly demonstrated on the three directional sections, which is valuable for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal diseases.