摘要
目的:考察儿童探究行为及同伴交往类型与家庭环境的关系。方法:由父母填写家庭环境量表,测量儿童的家庭环境;然后在实验室及自由活动时间录像观察并编码,分析56名儿童的探究行为和同伴交往类型,考察两者间的关系。结果:男孩单独被动活动及探索性行为的频率得分均高于女孩[(18.5±3.7)vs.(13.2±3.8),(5.4±2.0)vs.(3.9±1.5);P=0.003,0.006],而互动活动和探究行为的持续时间得分均低于女孩[(9.4±2.7)vs.(12.6±3.1),(2.1±0.9)vs.(3.3±1.2);P=0.041,0.032];家庭亲密度与同伴交往中的抑制行为、单独被动活动负相关(r=-0.26、-0.24,P<0.01),而与平行活动、单独主动活动、互动活动正相关(r=0.14、0.28、0.38,P<0.05或0.01);儿童探究行为与家庭的独立性、知识性、乐观因子呈正相关(r=0.46、0.33、0.38,P<0.05或0.01),与控制性、矛盾性、悲观因子呈负相关(r=-0.41、-0.38、-0.33,P<0.05或0.01)。多元逐步回归分析显示,对于不同家庭环境中有6个因子是对儿童同伴交往的预测变量(联合解释变异量为0.437),5个因子是对儿童探索性的预测变量(联合解释变异量为0.362)。结论:家庭环境与儿童的探究行为及同伴交往类型密切相关。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between family and exploratory behavior and peer interaction. Methods: Sixty-eight children's type of family environment was measured by using the Family Environment Scale- Chinese Version ( FES) , and their peer interaction and the exploratory behavior were observed and coded when they could choose games by themselves in laboratory. Results: The boys' score of solo-passive games and frequency of exploratory behavior was significantly higher than that of girls [ (18.5±317) vs. (13.2±3.8), (5.4±2.0) vs. (3.9 ±1.5 ) ; P = 0. 003, 0. 006 ], and the score of mutual-games and persistence of exploratory behavior in boys were lower than those of girls [(9.4±2.7) vs. (12.6±3.1), (2.1 ±0.9) vs. (3.3 ±1.2); P=0.041, 0. 032 ] . The family intimacy was negatively correlated with inhibition behavior, and positively correlated with mutualgames and solo-passive games in peer interaction. Meanwhile, the children's exploratory behavior was positively correlated with independence , knowledge and optimistic factor ( r = 0. 464, P 〈 0. 01 ; r = 0. 328, P 〈 0. 05 ; r = 0. 379, P 〈 0.05 ) , and negatively correlated with controllability, contradiction and pessimistic factor ( r = - 0. 412, P 〈 0.01 ; r = - 0. 375, P 〈 0.05 ; r = - 0. 326, P 〈 0. 05 ) . Regression analysis showed that children's peer interaction and exploratory behavior could be predicted by their family environment. Conclusion: It suggets that children's peer interaction and exploratory behavior have intense relationship with their family.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第10期759-762,共4页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
发展心理学
同伴交往
探究行为
儿童
横断面研究
developmental psychology
peer interaction
cross-sectional studies
children
exploratory behavior