乙型肝炎病毒标志与护理人员职业感染的危险性

Research of Hepatitis B Virus Mark and Fatalness of Paramedic Occupational Infection

目的探讨乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）血清学标志（HBVM）与护理人员职业感染危险性的关系。方法在HBV传染性定量检测的基础上评价HBVM与护理人员职业感染危险性的关系。结果HBsAg、HBeAg阴性以及HBeAg阳性患者中的HBV DNA阳性率分别为9．00％、67．20％和100．00％，HBV浓度分别为0～10^4、0～10^6、10^2～10^9 ID／ml，HBV经针刺损伤传播的感染阈值为10^5 ID／ml，上述3组患者达此阈值者分别为0．00％、3．20％和83．87％。结论HBVM不同的携带者传染性不同，对护理人员职业感染的威胁程度不同，对其感染的监测方法和防护措施也应该不同。

[ Objective] To investigate the relation between the hepatitis B virus mark （HBVM） and the fatalness of paramedic occupational infection. [ Methods ] On the basis of the quantitative test of HBV infection, investigation was made on the relation between HBVM and the fatalness of paramedic occupational infection. [ Results] The HBV DNA positive ratios among the HBsAg negative, HBeAg negative and HBeAg positive patients were 9.00%, 67.2% and 100.00% respectively; the HBV concentrations were 0 - 104 ID/ml, 0 - 106 ID/ml, 102 - 109 ID/ml respectively; the range of HBV infectivity was 105 ID/ml; the ratios of the above patients whose infectivity exceeded HBV infective threshold value during nursing process was 0.00% , 3.20% and 83.87% respectively. [ Conclusion] The carriers of different HBVM have different infectivity, and give different occupational infection menace to the paramedic; hence, the measures of supervision and protection against HBV infection should be different.