青海省产业结构变化及其生态环境效应

THE CHANGE OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION AND ITS ECO-ENVIRONMENT EFFECT IN QINGHAI PROVINCE

青海省是青藏高原的重要组成部分,是我国乃至全球生态环境十分脆弱和敏感的地区之一,并对周边地区的生态环境产生着极其深刻的影响,在国家生态安全战略中具有特殊重要的地位。因此对该区域产业结构变化及其生态环境效应研究具有重要意义。文章分析了青海省产业结构发展变化轨迹以及不同产业发展对生态环境的影响,利用不同产业的生态环境影响指数计算了1980年以来该省产业结构的变化及其生态环境效应,认为1980年以来,青海省产业结构发生了较大变动,经历了两次明显的产业转型;1980年以来产业结构生态环境影响属于中等,出现两次大的波动,存在降低后又反弹现象,特别是2000年以来上升幅度很大,创历史新高;产业转型任务相当艰巨,需实施基于生态环境保护的长效产业政策。

Qinghai province is an important component of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and is one of the most fragile and sensitive regions in China and even in the whole world, its exerts a tremendous effect on the ecological environment of its surrounding area. As the embodiment of human activities, the change of regional industrial structure is an important driving factor of land use change, and also makes the change of surrounding ceo-environment. Thus, research on the change of regional industrial structure and associated effects on eco-environment is not only the helpful complement of the research of land use change, but also the key content of the research on sustainable development, human-land relationship, and geographical response on global change today. The paper analyses the industrial development orbit and the influence of different industrial development on nature eeo-environment, using the influence coefficient of the different industries on nature environment to calculate the eco-environment effect of industrial transformation in Qinghai province since 1980. The results are as follows：（1） There was great change in industrial structure in Qinghai since 1980, which experienced 6 times industrial transformation; （2）The influence index of industrial structure on nature eco-environment was moderate in Qinghai since 1980, it appeared double waves, firstly decline and then rise, especially in recently years; （3） Industrial transform based on eco-environment protection is arduous task, it is important and urgent to carry on the long termed effective industrial policy .