清代司法实践中的推类方法与民间规范

Tui-lei Method and Civil Norms in the Judicial Practice of Qing Dynasty

将民间规范引入司法过程以正当化案件裁决,是和谐司法的内在要求。清代司法官运用推类方法,将民间规范引入司法实践中以填补法律漏洞,正当化案件裁决,这对和谐司法的建设,具有借鉴意义。当下将风俗习惯运用于司法实践,在运用类比推理解决疑难案件过程中,必须借鉴推类方法的优长之处,以弥补类比推理的不足之处。唯有如此,才能弥补法律漏洞,解决疑难案件,提高判决的正当性和说服力,才能真正将裁判的法律效果和社会效果结合起来,达致司法和谐。

It is an inner demand of judicial harmony to introduce civil norms into judicial practice. Based on a comparison of traditional Tui-lei method and analogical reasoning, this article studies the judicial practice of Qing Dynasty by which the judges incorporate through the Tui-lei method civil norms into the legal system to fill up the legal pigeonholes. We argue that judges should make use of the merits of the Tui-lei method in the process of introducing civil norms to fill up the legal leaks. Only in this way could the judges make up the leaks, enhance the justice and persuasion of the verdicts. This way, the legal effect and the social effect of a ruling will be integrated and eventually judicial harmony will be achieved.