曼陀罗对粘虫和蚜虫的杀虫活性研究

Insecticidal Activities of Datura stramonium L.on Mythimna separate Walker and Aphis

研究了曼陀罗不同部位不同极性溶剂粗提物对粘虫、蚜虫的杀虫活性。结果表明,曼陀罗不同部位不同极性溶剂粗提物对粘虫的触杀作用以种子石油醚粗提物为最强,死亡率达48.67%,其次为种子乙酸乙酯粗提物,死亡率达35.33%;盛花期根茎叶对粘虫的触杀作用则以甲醇粗提物为最强,死亡率达26.22%,其次为乙酸乙酯粗提物,死亡率达14.74%;不同部位甲醇粗提物对粘虫幼虫无拒食作用,对粘虫卵基本无杀伤作用。对棉蚜和麦长管蚜的触杀作用以种子石油醚粗提物为最强,死亡率分别为53.88%和40.88%,其次为种子乙酸乙酯粗提物,死亡率分别为51.33%和30.38%;对桃蚜的触杀作用以种子乙酸乙酯粗提物为最强,死亡率为54.82%,其次为种子石油醚粗提物,死亡率为30.66%。

The insecticidal activity of different extracts from Daiura stramonium L. against M. separate Walker and aphis were conducted. The results showed that the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts from different parts of D. stramonium L. against M. separate Walker had Contact activities,the corrected mortalities were 48.67% and 35.33% ,respectively. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from stems and leaves of D. strarnonium L. in florescence stage had contact activi-ties,the corrected mortalities were 26.22% and 14.74%, respectively. The methanol extracts from different parts had no antifeeding effects against larvae of M. separate Walker and had no effect against ovum of M. separate Walker. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts from seeds against Aphis gossypii Glover and Macrosiphum avenae Fabricius had contact activities, the corrected mortalities were 53.88%,40. 88% and 51.33%,30.38%, respectively. The ethyl acetate and petroleum ether extracts from seeds against Mythus persicae Sulzer had contact activities,the corrected mortalities were 54. 82% and 30.66% ,respectively.