基于生态位企业间关系优化目标研究

Niche-Based Optimization Objective Research on Inter-Enterprise Relationship

企业生态位是企业在自然、经济、社会、文化和技术环境组成的生态系统中,与环境相互作用后的生存位置,特别反映了与其他企业的相互关系状况,是研判企业间关系的良好工具。时间、空间、资源和能力因素是决定企业生态位的主要因子,由此出发将企业之间关系类型划分为基本不相关型、竞争主导型、合作主导型和竞合型等四类企业间关系。在此基础上以企业生态位的视角正确分析与相关企业的关系,将不良的或者依然有提升空间的企业生态位确立为要进行优化的对象。优化后所达到的企业生态位将使企业更好地整合内外资源,充分发挥自身能力,提高资源利用率,从而拓展生存和发展空间。

The niche of an enterprise stands for its survival position established by interacting with the environment in the ecosystem composed of nature, society, culture and technological environment. It especially reflects the enterprise＇s relationship with others, so it is a most useful tool to study inter-enterprise relations. Major determinants of the niche of an enterprise include time, space, resource and competence. On the basis of it, inter-enterprise relationship can be divided into four types, namely, irrelevant, competition-oriented, cooperation-oriented, and competitioncooperation. Therefore, the niche perspective may be employed to study inter-enterprise relationships so that the imperfect and need-to-be-improved ones can be set as the object of optimization. After optimizing, the niche will enable the enterprise to better integrate internal and external resources, put its own competence into full play, improve the utilization of resources, and thereby expand the enterprise＇s space for survival and development.