北京市轨道交通沿线土地开发增值收益分配研究

Allocation of Added Values from Land Developments along Rail Transit Lines in Beijing

探讨如何为轨道交通建设提供可行的资金来源。首先通过总结国内外研究概况说明了轨道交通对沿线土地开发的影响,提出不合理的土地开发增值收益分配制度是挫伤轨道交通建设投资主体的积极性、加重政府公共交通投资负担的重要原因之一。分析了轨道交通沿线土地开发增值收益合理分配的意义,根据土地增值的地租原理,提出了轨道交通沿线土地开发增值收益合理分配的原则。在此基础上,结合北京市的实际情况和需要,提出对北京市轨道交通沿线土地开发增值收益进行合理分配的3种方法:提取部分土地出让金和土地增值税、完善代征代建制度及相关配套政策、尝试土地与交通一体化开发模式。

In order to provide feasible source of funds for the construction of rail transit, this paper, firstly illustrates the effects on land development along rail transit lines, according to research both at home and abroad. The paper points out that unreasonable system for the allocation of added values derived from land development is one of the important reasons of dampening investors＇ enthusiasm and increasing transit investment burden on government. Then significance of rational allocation of added values from land development along rail transit line is illustrated. Meanwhile, the paper discusses principles of rational allocation of added values, based on rent theory. Eventually, in line with reality and needs in Beijing, the paper proposes three measures to allocate added values rationally, i.e. withdrawing part of land leasing fees and increment tax on land value, improving the system of land developing and corresponding policies, and experimenting integrated development of land use and transportation.