黑龙江省煤矿区地质灾害与防控措施研究

Geological Environment Disasters and Prevention and Controlling Countermeasure of Coal Mining Area in Heilongjiang Province

黑龙江少省是国家煤炭生产大省之一,累计原煤产量居全国第四位,煤炭资源开采造成煤矿及其周边地区土地塌陷面积达507.89 km2。介绍了黑龙江四大煤矿区因煤炭开采引发的地质灾害问题,探讨了煤矿地质灾害的主要类型、形成机制和灾害的发展趋势;分析了地质灾害对矿区基础设施破坏、土地资源侵占、资源环境污染,群众生命财产安全和经济发展的危害;以科学发展观作指导,结合当地地质灾害防治实践,总结推出了加强地质灾害执法监管、新建矿灾害预防控制、塌陷区的土地复垦、煤矸石的资源化循环利用、矸石山的生物复垦和煤矿遗址的生态复垦旅游开发等措施模式。

Heilongjiang is one of the coal production provinces in our country, the total output of raw coal＇s place in the nation is the fourth, the coal resources mining make colliery and its surrounding land subsidence,the area is about 507.89 km^2. The geological environment disasters by the fourth coal mining are introduced in Heilongjiang, the main types, the mechanism of the disaster formation and the development trend of the coal mine＇s geological disasters are discussed;the hazards of the geological disasters to the destruction of infrastructure, land resources occupation, environmental pollution, safety of life and property and the economic development are analyzed. To be guided by the scientific concept of development, it is combined that the prevention of geological disasters with local practice, summing up to strengthen the law enforcement＇s supervision of geological disasters, the collapse of land reclamation, recycling of coal gangue resources, the mountain of gangue＇s biological reclamation, the waste dump site＇s ecological reclamation and the model of the tourism development.