茶多酚对虹鳟生长性能、生化指标和非特异性免疫指标的影响

Effects of Tea Polyphenols on Growth Performance,Blood Biochemical Indices and Non-specific Immune Indices of Rainbow Trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

本试验研究了不同水平茶多酚对虹鳟生长、肉质、血浆生化指标和免疫指标的影响。选取2日龄初始体重(152.23±4.90)g的虹鳟560尾,随机分为6组,分别饲喂添加0、25、50、100、500、1000mg/kg茶多酚饲料,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾鱼,试验进行8周。结果显示:与对照组相比,添加不同水平的茶多酚对虹鳟增重率、特定生长率和饵料系数未产生显著的影响(P>0.05),但显著提高肝体比和脏体比(P<0.05)。除茶多酚25mg/kg组外其它试验组鱼体水分含量显著降低(P<0.05),茶多酚1000mg/kg组显著降低鱼体粗脂肪含量(P<0.05),茶多酚25mg/kg组显著升高鱼体粗蛋白质含量(P<0.05)。随着茶多酚添加量的增加,谷草转氨酶(GOT)逐渐下降,除25mg/kg组外各试验组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、总胆固醇(CHO)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)差异不显著(P>0.05)。随着茶多酚从25mg/kg提高到100mg/kg,肝脏和肌肉中的SOD活性升高,茶多酚25mg/kg组肌肉SOD和50mg/kg组肝脏SOD显著升高(P<0.05);肌肉和血浆中MDA下降,25、100mg/kg组肌肉和50、100mg/kg组血浆MDA显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)下降;茶多酚50mg/kg组肝脏、鳃中AKP、ACP活性与对照组相比显著升高(P<0.05),但500和1000mg/kg组却未表现出明显的作用。以上结果表明:添加50～100mg/kg茶多酚可改善虹鳟非特异性免疫和肌肉品质;但茶多酚超过500mg/kg对虹鳟未产生有益作用。

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of different levels of tea polyphenols（TP） on growth performance, meat quality, biochemical indices of plasma and immune indices of rainbow trout. Five hundred and sixty two-year-old rainbow trout with an average body weight of （152.23±4.90） g were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 3 replicates of 30 fish, six diets containing TP （0, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1 000 mg/kg） were given to feed the fish for 8 weeks. The results indicated that when compared with the control group： WGR, SGR and FCR were not influenced by adding different levels of TP（P〉0.05）, but V1 and HIS increased significantly（P〈0.05）. Body moisture decreased significantly （P〈0.05） except the group of 25 mg/kg. Body crude lipid content decreased significantly in 1 000 mg/kg groups （P〈0.05）. Body crude protein content increased significantly in 25 mg/kg group （P〈0.05）. When the level of TP increased, GOT decreased significantly （P〈0.05） except the group of 25 mg/kg, GPT, CHO, LDL and HDL were not influenced （P〉0.05）. When TP increascd from 25 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg, SOD in liver and muscle increased. Muscle of 25 mg/kg group and liver of 50 mg/kg group increased significantly（P〈0.05） ; MDA of muscle and plasma decreased, muscle of 25, 100 mg/kg groups and plasma of 50, 100 mg/kg groups decreased significantly（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01） ; AKP, ACP of liver and gill increased significantly in the group of 50 mg/kg （P〈0.05）, but they were not influenced in the group of 500 and 1 000 mg/kg. In conclusion, non-specific immunity and meat quality could be improved by adding 50-100 mg/kg TP, but they were not improved