多年冻土区管道的失效形式及监测技术

FAILURE MODES AND MONITORING TECHNIQUES OF PIPELINES IN PERMAFROST ZONE

随着开发和利用高寒及多年冻土区油气资源的热潮来临,多年冻土区管道建设的步伐必将加快。由于管道与冻土间存在着强烈的相互作用,冻土的冻胀和融沉对管道运行具有严重的不利影响,对管道实施先进高效的监测技术是保证管道安全运行的有效措施之一。分析了冻胀和融沉对管道的破坏机理,研究了多年冻土区管道的主要失效形式和产生机理,指出产生翘曲上拱和折皱的根本原因是管道承受的轴向应力过大。最后,提出了对多年冻土区管道实施监测的主要内容,即自然环境监测和管—土相互作用监测。

As the industry puts more and more focus on developing and utilizing oil and gas resources in the paramos and permafrost zone,pipeline construction in the areas will be definitely accelerated.Because of the strong interaction between the pipeline and frozen soil,the frost heave and thawing settlement of the frozen soil will have serious influences on pipeline operation.To implement advanced monitoring technique with efficiency is one of the effective measures to ensure pipeline operation safety.This paper analyzed the pipeline's failure mechanism caused by frozen heaven and thawing settlement and studied the main failure modes and generation mechanisms of the pipelines in the permafrost zone.The paper also indicated that the major reason for pipeline up-warp and wrinkles is the excessive axial stress.It finally put forward the main monitoring content of the pipelines in the permafrost zone,i.e.,natural environment monitoring and pipeline-soil interaction monitoring.