纳米稀土复合固体超强酸SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2-La_2O_3催化合成氯乙酸乙酯

Catalytic Synthesis of Ethyl Chloroacetate with Nanosized Rare Earth Composite Solid Superacid SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2-La_2O_3

以纳米稀土复合固体超强酸 SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2-La_2O_3为催化剂,氯乙酸与乙醇为原料合成氯乙酸乙酯。探讨了醇酸摩尔比、催化剂用量、环己烷用量、反应时间等因素对酯化率的影响。试验结果表明,纳米稀土复合固体超强酸 SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2-La_2O_3是合成氯乙酸乙酯的良好催化剂,其最适宜的反应条件:氯乙酸0.10 mol,醇酸摩尔比3.0:1,催化剂用量1.0 g,环己烷用量15 mL,回流分水反应2.0 h。在此条件下,氯乙酸乙酯酯化率可达94.3%。

Ethyl chloroacetate was synthesized from chloroacetic acid and ethyl alcohol with nanosized rare earth composite solid superaeid SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3 as catalyst. The effects of molar ratio of chloroacetic acid to ethyl alcohol, catalyst dosage, water - carrying agent （cyclohexane） dosage and reaction time on the yield of ester were discussed. Experimental results showed that nanosized rare earth composite solid superacid SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3 was an excellent catalyst. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows： chloroaeetic acid 0. 1 tool, molar ratio of alcohol to acid 3.0： 1, nanosized rare earth composite solid superacid SO4^2-/ZrO2-La2O3 1.0 g, cyclohexane as water- carrying agent 15mL, reaction time 2 hours. The esterification ratio was up to 94.3% under the above optimum conditions.