乌兰布和沙区5种适生灌木防风阻沙效能分析

Effects of Wind Resistance and Sand Prevention or 5 Kinds of Shrubs in Wulanbuhe Desert

对5种灌木防风阻沙林的防风效益与流沙地进行比较,结果表明:梭梭和花棒由于植株高大,遮挡面大,总体防风效果好,沙拐枣、杨柴、沙木蓼3种灌木植株相对矮小,总体防风效果较差。这一顺序恰与各灌木的枝丛密度、冠幅和高度等因子由大到小的排列相吻合。在同一风速条件下,5种防风阻沙林的输沙量均较旷野流沙明显减小,且杨柴的输沙量减小幅度最大。在营建防风阻沙林时要重视乔灌草相结合,充分考虑地被物的作用,为防风阻沙林整体结构和功能更加完整提供理论依据。

Through the comparison on wind - resistant effect among five kinds of forest for wind resistance and sand prevention and shifting sandy land, the results show： Haloxylon ammondendron and Hedysarum scaparium have better wind - resistant effects because of large plant size, and Calligonum mongolicum, Hedysarum fruticosum var. lignosum and Atraphaxis bracteata have worse wind - resistant effects because of small plant size. The varia- tion order is identical with the one of density, crown diameter and height of shrubs. Under the same wind speed, the sediment discharge of five kinds of forest for wind resistance and sand prevention obviously decrease than the shifting sandy land, with Hedysarumfruticosum var. lignosum be the most. Through the comparison, the theoreti- cal basis can be put forward for perfecting the structure and function of forest for wind resistance and sand preven- tion by paying attention to the combination of arbor, shrub and herbage and thinking about the role of ground cover.