沙棘木蠹蛾与红缘天牛偏利生活关系初探

The Relationship of Commensalisms between Holcocerus hippophaecolus and Asias helodendri

沙棘木蠹蛾危害5年生以上的沙棘林，5年、7年、9年生沙棘的被害主干均有当年产生的红缘天牛羽化孔。沙棘木蠹蛾的卵多数产在沙棘干上1／3～1／2处红缘天牛侵入孔、羽化孔及主干裂缝、翘皮里，以防天敌取食。沙棘木蠹蛾初孵幼虫在红缘天牛虫道或羽化孔口中渡过卵期和移动寻找取食韧皮组织时期，1—3龄幼虫在红缘天牛侵入孔周边韧皮与木质部之间向下环绕树干片状为害，3～4龄向下转移直至根际部为害。红缘天牛为害沙棘不论树势强与弱，其危害发生在沙棘木蠹蛾之前。沙棘木蠹蛾利用红缘天牛生活和繁殖场所产卵是一偏利生活（commensalism）特性。

Holcocerus hippophaecolus damage the over - five - year Hippophae rhamnoides stands. There are eclo- sion holes of Asias helodendri in the damaged branches of five - year, seven - year and nine - year Hippophae rhamnoides at the same year. Holcocerus hippophaecolus lay most eggs in intruded holes and eclosion holes of Asias helodendri at 1/2 -1/3 of branch of Hippophae rhamnoides in order not to be eaten by natural enemy. The newly - hatched larva of Holcocerus hippophaecolus tide over the egg period and the period of moving to feed bast tissue in eclosion holes ofAsias helodendri. 1 -3 years larva damage the trunks between bast and xylem around intruded holes of Asias helodendri. 3 -4 years larva of Holcocerus hippophaecolus damage the root. Asias helodendri dam- age Hippophae rhamnoides before Holcocerus hippophaecolus. It＇s a characteristics of commensalisms for Holcocerus hippophaecolus to lay eggs by use of the living and propagating place of Asias helodendri.