综合医院1545例死亡病例死因分析

Death causes analysis of 1545 cases in general hospital

目的了解疾病死亡的年龄、性别分布及主要死因构成,找出威胁居民生命安全的主要疾病及影响因素,为医院管理、疾病防治及专业部门制定、完善和调整相应的卫生保健措施提供科学依据。方法采用国际疾病分类ICD-10对死因资料进行编码,对死亡性别、年龄、死因构成进行统计分析。结果死亡病例中男性980例、占死亡病例总数的63.43%,女性565例、占36.57%,男女性别比1.7∶1,差异有显著性。40岁以前病例占9.70%,50岁以前占20.70%,60岁以后占65.20%。前6位死因顺位依次为:恶性肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、呼吸系统疾病、损伤和中毒、消化系统疾病、内分泌营养和代谢疾病;恶性肿瘤死亡病例男女性别比2.15∶1,以支气管肺癌居首位,占恶性肿瘤死亡病例的29.45%,60～90岁年龄段为恶性肿瘤死亡高发年龄段,占63.50%;意外伤害死亡已上升为该院第4位死因,以交通事故、坠落、溺水、自杀为主。结论加强死因顺位前几位疾病的防治工作,尤其在提高医院诊疗水平及加强居民健康教育方面,以降低死亡率、提高居民的健康水平和生命质量。

[Objective] To investigate the distribution of death age and gender and the major death causes and find out main diseases and intlueneial factors thretening the inhabitant life in order for the disease prevention departments to improve their health care measures. [Methods] The disease causes, age and gender were statistically analyzed by international disease classification ICD-10. [Results] The sexual ratio, men/women was 1.7：1, the top six causes are tumor, cardiovascular and cerebrovascullar disease, respiratory disease, injury and poisoning, digestive disease,endocrine and metablic disease. [Conclusion] The prevention and treatment of the first six disease should be reinforced so as to decrease the mortality and improve inhabitant health level and quality of life.