体质指数与腰椎间盘突出症发病的相关性研究

Study on correlation between body mass index and lumbar disc herniation

目的探讨体质指数(BMI)与腰椎间盘突出症发病的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法,对体质指数与腰椎间盘突出症的相关性进行研究,用自行设计的调查问卷采用面对面询问的方法收集资料。从生物因素、生活方式、脊柱负荷大小和社会心理因素等方面对524名调查对象进行了询问与调查,并通过身高与体重计算BMI值(体重/身高2),根据BMI将患者分为3组:正常组BMI<24,超重组BMI≥24,肥胖组BMI>28。结果体质指数增高在病例组和对照组的分布差异有显著性(χ2=14.056,P=0.001);经logistic回归分析显示:以体质指数正常为基准,体质指数超重(OR=1.800)和肥胖(OR=3.001)是腰椎间盘突出症的危险因素。结论BMI过高,即体重超重、肥胖可能额外地增加了腰椎间盘的负荷,从而加速了腰椎间盘的退变过程,有可能是腰椎间盘突出症的一个重要因素。因此在人群中控制体重、预防肥胖症的发生尤为重要。

[Objective] To explore the correlation between body mass index （BMI） and lumbar disc herniation （LDH）. [Methods] The correlation between body mass index and lumbar disc herniation was investigated in this study via ease-control study, and self-designed questionnaire was adoPted to collect information in a face-to-face fashion. 524 subjects were investigated about biological factors, their life styles, vertebral column load, and social psychological factors, moreover, the ratio of height and weight （BMI） was computed. On the basis of BMI, subjects in the ease group were reclassified into three sub-groups, namely, normal sub-group with BMI less than 24, overweight sub-group with BMI between 24 and 28, and obesity sub-group with BMI greater than 28. [Results] By comparing ease group with control group, a significant difference was observed in the distribution of BMI in the two groups （Χ^2= 14.056, P =0.001）, results from single factor logistic regression showed that, on the basis of BMI, overweight and obesity are both risk factors for LDH （OR=1.800, 3.001, respectively）. [Conclusions] Greater BMI value, that is, overweight and obesity are risky for LDH. The two risk factors might increase the additional load undertaken by intervertebral discs, which accelerates the cataplasia procession and thus become risky factors, so it is pressed to take proper measures to control body weight and prevent the incidence of obesity.