社区环境中流通食品的食源性致病菌分析

The Analysis of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria of Circulated Foods in Community Environments

目的分析H市社区环境中(大型超市与农贸市场)流通食品的微生物污染及食源性致病菌的分布特征和耐药性。方法按《全国食品污染物监测相关实验室手册》(细菌学部分)及其他相关国家标准分离、鉴定五类食品的有关细菌,用纸片琼脂扩散(K-B)法测定细菌耐药性。结果全年中以8月份食品含菌量最大,含蛋白质丰富、水分较多的食品(淡水鱼,海产品)微生物污染严重;农贸市场食品的微生物污染较超市严重;五类食品不同程度被食源性致病菌污染,以猪肉与鸡肉污染为重,沙门菌在五类食品中检出率最高,分别是7.86%与12.42%;农贸市场食品的食源性致病菌检出率(23.44%)比超市(16.29%)高,同时O157:H7的检出率也明显高于超市,分别是2.25%与0.56%;分离的食源性致病菌株对常用抗生素显示了相应耐药性。结论以上结果可作为社区公共卫生及预防、控制食源性疾病流行的策略制订提供相应科学根据。

Objective To analyze the microbial contamination of circulated foods and the distributed characteristic and drug resistance of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in community environments（supermarkets,farm product markets） of the H city. Methods According to the interrelated laboratory manual of nationwide food contaminant monitoring（the part of bacteriology） and other correlative government standards, related bacteria in five kind foods had been separated and identified. Applying scrip diffusion method（K-B） to determine the drug resistance of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. Results In whole year, the bacteria contents of foods in August was the largest,the microbial contamination in the plentiful protein content and high moisture content foods was severe. The microbial contamination of foods in farm product markets was more than in supermarkets. Five kind foods were contaminated by foodborne pathogenic bacteria,especially porks and chickens. The detection rate of salmonella（7.86% and 12.42%） was the highest in five kind foods. The detection rate of foodborne pathogenic bacteria（23.44%）and O157： H7（ 2.25% ） in farm product markets was higher than in supermarkets（ 16.29%, 0.56%）. The separated foodborne pathogenic bacteria displayed propotional drug resistance with regard to frequently used antibiotics. Conclusion Above-mentionod results may provide corresponding scientific evidences for working out strategy about community public health, foodborne diseases precaution and control.