创造社异军突起的结构动力学解读

A Structural Dynamic Reading of the Rise of the Creation Society

晚清至20世纪20年代,大众传媒的发展、独立作家群的产生及现代读者群的扩大使上海等沿海城市形成了相对独立的文学场域。创造社进入由鸳鸯蝴蝶派和文学研究会所控制的这一场域,采取了颠覆策略而在文坛异军突起。创造社采取这一策略,是因为他们拥有异质的高势能的文化资本和不断扩大的社会资本等符号资本。创造社的进入策略和拥有的符号资本使其表现出区别于其他社团的指导习性、反抗习性和自由习性,这些习性使其在文坛爆发出巨大能量的同时,又面临着内部和外部的双重危机。

From the late Qing Dynasty to 1920s, the development of mass media, the rise of independent writer groups and the expansion of modem reader groups shaped such coastal cities as Shanghai into relatively independent literary field. The Creative Society＇ s sudden rise in the literary circle was through its subversive strategy when it entered the then literary field dominated by the Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School and the Literary Study Society. Such a strategy was taken because it boasted such symbolic capital as the foreign cultural capital with higher potential energy and the constantly increasing social capital. This strategy, together with its symbolic capital, distinguished it from other groups of writers in its habitus of guidance, rebellion and freedom, which brought to it interior and ulterior crises as well as enormous power.