中西方宪法文化的价值观差异比较——以近现代中国的立宪运动为视角

A Comparison of the Values of Chinese and Western Constitutional Culture——from perspective of modern Chinese constitutional movement

中西方立宪存在着完全不同的文化背景。从价值观的角度来审视,西方的宪法文化强调的是个体主义、自由、正义和人性恶的价值观,而中国传统文化中的价值观则是整体主义、秩序与人性善。西方文化中的价值观促进了宪政的产生,而在近现代中国的宪政运动中,由于传统文化中缺乏支持宪法所赖以生存的文化因子,从而导致宪政运动走向失败。因此,中国的宪政建设要取得成效,就离不开移植和培育宪法文化。

Chinese constitution has the completely different cultural context comparing with the western countries. Carefully examining from the perspective of value systems,what the western constitution culture emphasizes is the individual principle of freedom, justice and the belief of the human nature being evil while Chinese traditional cultural values are the overall principle, the order and the belief of the goodness in human nature. The western cultural values have promoted the development of constitution. However,the lack of supporting factors of constitutional livelihood in Chinese traditional culture had caused defeat in the modern Chinese constitutional government movement. Therefore in order to achieve good results in the construction of Chiua＇s constitutionalism, the cultivation and transplantation of constitutional culture is indispensable.