童工国际保护初论

Brief on the Child Labor and Its International Protection

根据国际劳工组织公布的数据显示,童工主要分布在东南亚、撒哈拉以南非洲,拉丁美洲等经济不发达地区的贫困国家。从人权保障的角度看,儿童劳动(特别是强迫劳动)对儿童权利的严重侵害性,使得童工问题成为一个国际问题,自20世纪初即受到了国际社会的重视。《准予就业最低年龄公约》(第138号公约),《关于禁止和立即行动消除最有害的童工形式公约》(第182号公约)等以保护童工权利为主要目的的国际公约相继得以制定,从而为童工权利的国际保护提供了可能。

According to the data released by the ILO, child labor mainly exists in Southeast Asia, Sub - Saharan Africa, Latin America and other underdeveloped areas. From the perspective of human rights, its serious violations of the child＇s rights makes child labor （especially the forced labor） become an international problem, and get the international communities＇ great attention since the early 20th century. The International Conventions, including ＂The minimum age for Admission to Employment Convention＂ （Convention No. 138） and ＂On the Prohibition and Immediate Action for the Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labor Convention＂ （Convention No. 182） , with their primary purpose to protect the rights of child labor, have been enacted one after another. That makes international protection of the child labor＇s rights possible.