植物多糖的结构与分离纯化技术研究进展

Research Progress on Plant Polysaccharide Structure and its Isolation and Purification

植物多糖具有调节机体免疫、抑制肿瘤、抗疲劳、降血糖血脂、抗病毒、抗氧化等生物活性,还具有毒副作用小、疗效好等优点。多糖具有一、二、三、四级结构,四种结构均与活性密切相关。多糖提取、分离纯化过程及方法直接影响多糖的活性,其中脱蛋白质技术和脱色技术是关键环节。笔者主要介绍了植物多糖的结构与功能的关系、比较分析了多糖分离纯化的关键技术及研究进展。

The plant polysaccharide has widely biological activity, such as immunological regulation, the anti-tumor, anti-fatigue, reducing blood sugar, the anti-virus, anti-oxidation and so on. Also,plant polysaccharides have less vice-effect, high curative effect, etc. The plant polysaccharide constructs with primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure and quarternary structure, all of the structures has relations with biological activity. The process and method of extraction, isolation and purification affect biological activity of plant polysaccharide directly, and the crux of technology was decolour and deprotein. This paper reviews the structure and isolation purification of research progress on plant polysaccharides.