日光温室微环境变化对盆栽花卉基质影响的研究

Study on Solar Greenhouse Environmental Variation and its Relation with the Matrix of Potted Flowers

研究温室环境指标,提高温室光温性能及作物对环境的适应性,对推动北方日光温室的发展有着极其重要的意义。该试验研究了不同类型日光温室环境变化规律以及与盆栽花卉基质的相关性,结果表明,单、双层膜日光节能温室内温度、光照强度随室外温度和光照强度的升高而不同程度地升高,但最高温度和光照强度出现在同一时间。人为管理措施可改变温室内的温度和光照强度变化程度,双层膜温室内的温度和光照较单层膜温室更趋于平稳。盆栽基质温度、水分受温室微环境的影响,单双层膜日光节能温室内基质升温速度和降温速度均小于温室外的升降温速度。基质温度、水分蒸发量随室内温度、光照的升高而升高,无论是植株还是盆栽基质均是12时至18时的蒸发量最大。

It is important for the solar greenhouse to study the environment index of greenhouse inside and it will improve the performance of greenhouse and the adaptability of crop on environment. This paper studied the change rule of solar greenhouse environment and its relation with the matrix of potted flowers. The results showed that the temperature, intense of illumination of single or double-layer membrane solar greenhouse elevated differently along with the outdoor temperature and intense of illumination elevating, but the peak of temperature appeared at the same time with the intense of illumination. Change of the temperature and illumination intense of greenhouse would be kept smooth after using artificial management, and wave of the temperature and illumination intense of double-layer membrane solar greenhouse were more calmly than that of single-layer membrane solar greenhouse; The temperature and water content of potted matrix were affected by indoor environment, The speed of temperature rise and drop of double- or single-layer membrane greenhouse were smaller compared with outside. The matrix temperature and the water transpiration rate elevated along with temperature, light elevating indoors, and their transpiration capacity would come to a peak from 12 to 18 o’clock whether plant or potted matrix.