我国船舶融资现状分析

Analysis of Present Situation of Financing in China′s Shipbuilding

目前,我国航运船舶业仍以国企为主,船舶融资主要通过国家政策性银行和商业银行混业经营渠道实现。这种转型经济特征的融资体制的缺陷是:多渠道资金的使用上仍受到不同程度的政府直接干预和控制,船企资金来源单一,偿债能力不足,金融机构专业性不强,难以防范船舶融资风险,缺乏资本雄厚的船舶融资租赁公司。综合改革方向:加快引进国际成熟的办法,健全法制和公平竞争环境,走融资主体多元化道路。船企实行股份制改革,提高企业竞争力;国家政策要从推动出口的贸易政策支持向产业政策支持转变,金融机构要加强与船舶专业机构的合作,完善船舶融资的项目评估体系。

At present China＇s shipbulding industry,most of which are state-owned enterprises, are financed through state policy banks and commercial banks. The deficiencies of this financing system with characteristics of transitional economy are as follows.governments＇ intervention in the application of multi-channel funds, single source of funds, weak solvency, unpressional financing institutions, uncontrol of financing risk and shortage of financing and leasing companies with strong capital. The reforms are as follows.to accelerate the introduction of mature international approach, improve legal system and fair environment for competition and take the road of diversification in finance. Shipbuilding enterprises should launch joint-stock reform to improve their competitiveness. The state should shift from supporting export-oriented trade policy to supporting industrial policy. Financial institutions should strengthen cooperation with shipbuilding research institutes to improve the project evaluation system for the financing of shipbuilding industry.