对美国食品保护计划的解读与评析

DECIPHERMENT AND ASSESSMENT OF THE US FOOD PROTECTION PLAN

对美国食品药品管理局(FDA)新近制订的《食品保护计划:国家食品供应综合保护战略》进行了解读和评析,介绍了该计划的出台背景、制订目的和适用范围,美国国家食品供应安全保护战略的三大要素,以及FDA推进食品保护计划的关键步骤和行动举措设想,分析了美国食品保护和进口食品监管的新动向。认为该计划对美国国家食品供应安全工作具有重要战略意义和深远历史意义,为完善美国食品安全体系,加强食品安全和食品防护工作提供了新思路,同时对我国食品保护特别是进口食品监管体系建设有一定的启示作用和借鉴意义,但FDA最终能否排除各种阻力成功地推行其行动计划,还存在许多不确定因素,即使要求扩大职能的相关法律修订提案获得国会批准,各种行动举措的全面实施也需一定的时日,而且其实际改革效果如何尚有待未来实践的检验。

After decipherment and assessment of the “Food Protection Plan： An integrated strategy for protecting the nation＇s food supply” recently enacted by U. S. Food and Drug Administration （FDA）, the following points were discussed, namely, circumstances surrounding the enactment of the plan, aim and scope of application of the plan, the three core elements of US national food supply safety and protection strategy, key steps and contemplated action of the FDA in implementing the food protection plan and, finally, the new direction being taken in US food protection and food importation supervision was analyzed. It is recognized that the plan has important strategic and long-term historic significance for USA national food supply, furnishing new ideas for the improvement of the US food safety system and enhancement of food safety and food defense, while at the same time we can profit from their experience in the construction of China＇s food protection system and particularly the supervision of imported food. But whether or not FDA can overcome various obstacles in successful implementation of its action plan, there are still many uncertainties involved;even if the amendment of relevant laws aimed at expanding jurisdiction gain the approval of parliament, full implementation of the different moves still would require time,and the actual rectification effect has yet to stand the test of practice.