某村智力低下状况及其发病因素调查

INVESTIGATION ON THE MENTAL RETARDATION STATUS AND IT'S INCIDENCE FACTORS IN A VILLAGE

[目的]通过对某村智力状况及其生物学因素的调查,探讨其智力低下发生的可能原因。[方法]对该村61人进行了智力和体格状况检查、测定了35人血中的游离T3、T4、染色体及尿碘含量,同时检测了村民饮用水的水质状况。[结果]该村村民智商平均值76分;智力低下患者18例,患病率为29.51%,男性多于女性(11/7),以50岁以上高发;成年人平均身高142.78cm,体重45.88kg;血中T3、T4及尿碘含量正常;饮用水中重金属和微量元素含量正常;遗传学检查存在染色体畸变,畸变检出率为25.71%,畸变以断裂、裂隙、数目异常等为主。[结论]某村智力低下患病率为29.51%,发生的原因可能与长期营养不良、卫生医疗条件差、缺乏围生期监控和染色体畸变有关,引起染色体畸变的原因有待进一步的调研分析。

[ObjectiveS] To investigate the possible reason of mental retardation and biologic factors, and to explore the possible factors induce the mental retardation. [ Methods] 61 villagers taken the physical and mental examination to get the quantity of free T3, T4, chromosome and urine iodine in the blood of 35 people. The drinking-water quality of the villagers was also tested. [Results] The average value of intelligence quotient was 76, the IQ of 18 villagers showed to be mental retardation with the prevalence rate of 29.51%, out of them, men were significantly more than women （ 11/7）, and most of them aged above 50 years old. The average height was 142.78cm, and the body weight was 45.88Kg; The quantity of T3, T4 and urine iodine in the blood was normal. The content of heavy metal and microelement was also normal; There was chromosome distort in the genetical examination with the detective rate of distortion of 25.71%, the distortion were split, crack and abnormal numbers. [Conclusion] The prevalence rate of mental retardation in the village was 29.51%, it may due to long-term bad nutrition, inferior medical conditions, lack of monitoring during the perinatal stage and chromosome distort, but the real reason induce the chromosome aberration need further research and analysis.