珠海市城区中学生人际间暴力发生现况及影响因素分析

ANALYSIS ON THE PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE AMONG MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE URBAN OF ZHUHAI CITY

[目的]了解珠海市城区中学生人际间暴力的流行特征。[方法]采取分层整群抽样的方法,对9所学校的3001名中学生进行现况调查。[结果]1年内暴力总发生率为53.41%,发生频率为1.46次/人。男生高于女生(χ2=71.232,P=0.000),心理暴力多于身体暴力(χ2=92.719,P=0.000)。多发生在课间休息时,占38.74%;其次为放学后(23.89%)。教室是高发地点(34.62%),其次是在校外(26.08%)和校内教室、宿舍以外地方(25.64%)。发生原因是:无缘无故(56.08%),与谈恋爱有关(10.92%),被怀疑向老师报告而受到批评或惩罚(9.98%),被索要钱物(9.73%),违反纪律(6.68%),挑起事端(6.61%)。同校学生是主要的施暴者(63.63%),其次是与学生无关系的社会人(32.50%)、外校学生(11.54%)。主要影响因素:男生、家庭结构不健全、对暴力的认识不清、施暴他人等。遭受暴力时,多数学生忍让回避(41.05%),其次是对抗(24.39%),极少数会求助(14.54%)或报警(6.92%)。遭受暴力后,38.74%的学生感到气愤,15.28%感到焦虑或害怕,14.78%学习热情下降,14.22%想报复。50.59%学生会把遭遇向同学述说,28.01%的隐藏在心里,23.02%的会告诉亲友,只有6.80%的会告诉老师。[结论]中学生人际间暴力问题严重,家庭、学校和社区必须对学生开展以提高有效的交流能力和人际关系能力为基础的学校生活技能教育,预防和减少中学生人际间暴力的发生。

[ Objective] To explore the features of interpersonal Violence among middle school students in the urban of Zhuhai. [ Methods ] A stratified and cluster Sampling study on the situation of interpersonal violence was conducted in 9 middle school with 3 001 students. [Results] The incidence of interpersonal violence in the past year was 53.41%, and the frequency was 1.46 times per person.The incidence among boys was higher than that of girls （χ^2= 71.232, P = 0：000）, and the psychological violence was significantly more than physical violence （χ^2 = 92.719, P = 0.000）. Most of interpersonal violence happened during the break of class （38.74%） and after Class （23.89%）. Most violence occurred in classrooms （34.62%）, and other places except Classroom and dormitory （25.64%）. The reasons usually were no causes （56.08%）, connected with love （ 10.92% ） , being suspected （ 9.98% ） , being extorted （ 9.73% ） , disobeyed discipline （ 6.68% ） , and provoked Others （6.61%）. The major assaulters were from schoolmates （63.63%）, and quarrel with other people except students （32.50%） as well as students of other schools （11,54%）. The main risk factors would include： male students, incomplete family structure, no clear cognition to violence, provoked others. Most of the students submited to humiliation （41.05%） , followed by resist （ 24.39% ）, few students would appeal to teachers or classmates （ 14.54% ） , and much few would call the police （ 6.92% ） when suffering from violence. After being exposed to violence, the influences on students were wrath （38.74%） , anxiety or funk （15.28%）, lower ardour to study （14.78%）, and revenge （14.22%）, The majority of students would tell classmates （50.59%）, parents （23.02%） about their encounters. [ Conclusion] Interpersonal violence among middle school students in the urban of Zhuhai city. was serious that called for family, school and community have to develop school life skitkls education based on improving effective communion ＇ability and interpersonal relation ability.