四川省部分贫困地区儿童计划免疫现况调查

INVESTIGATION OF CHILDREN IMMUNIZATION IN PARTS OF POOR DISTRICTS OF SICHUAN PROVINCE

[目的]了解四川省部分贫困地区在接受卫生项目资助之后的儿童计划免疫现状,总结经验与不足,为贫困地区计划免疫工作的可持续发展提供科学参考。[方法]选取8个贫困县的疾控中心进行机构调查,并通过分层随机抽样的方法,选取378名适龄儿童的家长进行问卷调查。[结果]各县的建卡率为96.2%;BCG、DPT、OPV、MV、HepB的接种率分别为95.2%、96.6%、97.4%、97.5%、95.2%,均高于西部农村及四川省农村的平均水平,除BCG外,其他接种率都高于全国平均水平;计划免疫相关疾病的发病和死亡率,除破伤风外都处于一个较低的水平,计划免疫工作取得很好的成绩。[结论]在政策的支持和一定的资金投入的情况下,贫困地区计划免疫工作取得显著的效果,但资金落实不到位、宣传力度不够等问题仍然存在,影响着这些地区计免工作的持续开展。

[Objective] To understand the current status of children immunization in parts of poor districts of Sichuan Province after they ve got supports by the health project, and to summarize the experiences and deficiencies in order to provide a scientific preference for the sustainable development of the immunization work in poor districts. [ Methods] Investigate the centers for disease prevention and control in eight counties were selected, and 378 parents of the children in line with the eriteria ages were investigated. [ Results] The rate of establishing immunization cards was 96.2%, and tire inoculation rates of BCG, DPT, OPV, MV, HepB were 95.2%, 96.6%, 97.4%, 97.5%and 95.2%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the rates in countrysides of west areas and Sichuan. Except BCG, the other inoculation rates were significantly higher than the national level. The morbidity and death related to the prevention vaccine also retained a lower level except Neonatal tetanus. The Expending program on immunization got a notable result. [ Conclusion] With the help of the Policy and some Funds input, the expending program on immunization in poverty-stricken area got a great resuh. But there are still lots of difficulties, such as lack of funds and the publicity. All those difficulties may hinder the development of those poverty-stricken areas.