极重度聋儿声母发音清晰度的状况分析

Analysis of consonants speech articulation in the heavy hearing loss degree deaf children

【目的】通过分析极重度聋儿声母获得情况及易出现的错误,提出针对性的临床言语康复矫治方案和发音训练建议,为提高聋儿的语音获得、言语清晰度,更科学地开展语训工作提供一定依据。【方法】采用三级人员评估法对杭州聋儿康复中心的12名平均年龄7岁且佩戴助听器的无器质性构音障碍、无智力障碍的极重度聋儿进行声母发音清晰度测试。【结果】被试聋儿最先掌握的声母为/b.d.m.n.l/等,其次为/j.zh.sh.r/等,较差的是/c.ch.k/。7岁极重度聋儿的言语康复等级为三级,所达到的语言年龄为3岁。【结论】以发音方法对声母进行分析,边音正确率最高,塞音送气音正确率低。以发音部位分析,唇齿音正确率最高,舌根音正确率低。声母的替代、缺失错误较多。

【Objective】 To analyze the consonants phonetic acquisition and speech articulation in heavy hearing loss degree deaf children,and to improve phonetic acquisition,speech articulation and be helpful in speech training. 【Methods】 Twelve children who came from Hangzhou deaf children recovery center were tested by three-grade assessors,their average age was 7 years.They fit hearing aids without speech obstacle and intelligence obstacle. 【Results】 To the children the consonants/b.d.m.n.l/ were easiest to learn,secondly was/j.zh.sh.r/,and /c.ch.k/was hardest to learn.The speech recovery degree of the 7 years old children was the third degree and the language age attains to three years old.Sex causes the result of speech articulation was significant different（P〈0.05）. 【Conclusions】 Analysising the consonant by pronunciation way,the correct rate of the lateral sound was the highest,the correct rate of the stop-aspirate was the lowest.Analysising the consonant by pronunciation position,the correct rate of the labio-dental was the highest,the correct rate of the dorsal sound was lower.The much more mistakes of consonants were substitution and disappearance.