甘肃省部分县预防接种安全注射干预措施实施效果评价

Review on the Effect of Safe Injection of Part Counties of Gansu Province

目的提高全省预防接种安全注射水平,评价为促进预防接种安全注射所采取的干预措施的效果。方法在全省按照典型抽样方法抽取3个县,设立对照组和干预组,采取问卷调查、现场观察等措施,并进行统计学分析评价。结果干预组村医在注射器材使用后100%都能对使用后一次性注射器进行焚毁;干预组村医实际规范接种的技能水平有明显提高,在"接种前进行告知和健康询问"、"接种后进行观察"的村医分别达到100.00%、96.77%,比基线调查数据明显增加;并且干预组的村医安全注射知识知晓率由基线调查时的38.70%提高到93.55%,上升了55个百分点。儿童家长在"不安全注射会传染疾病"、"打疫苗时要求一次性注射器"及"乙肝会传染"3方面知识的回答正确率较高,在90%以上,增幅较为明显。结论对村医进行经常性、短期的强化培训,运用典型案例对群众进行相关知识的宣传,以及有效的经常性的督导检查是促进预防接种安全注射的有效措施。

OBJECTIVE In order to improve the quality＇ of safe injection of Gansu Province. analyze and evaluate the effect of intervention measures, and supply the evidence for the health department. METHODS To sample three counties by typically sampling way. set up the experimental group and Control group, execute the questionnaires and field observation, and carry out statistic analysis and evaluation. RESULTS All village doctors in the experimental group burn the disposable injectors after usage, and their abilities in canonical inoculation improve significantly. Moreover, these who carry, out impartation and physical check-up before inoculation, and implement observation after inoculation account for 100.00% and 96.77% of all village doctors in intervention group respectively, which ascend obviously compared with the baseline survey. The wareness of safe injection has increased 55%. from 38.70% to 93.55%. To the three questions-unsafe injection will transmit diseases, inoculation requires the disposable injectors, and Hepatitis B is infectious, more than 90% parents have the fight answers, and the promotion is quite evident. CONCLUSIONS Holding the regular and short-term trainings for the doctors, ProPagating with typical cases among the mass and carrying out effective supervision are the effective measures to promote the safe injection.