王浆高产蜜蜂(A. m. ligustica)与喀尼鄂拉蜂(A. m. carnica)幼虫期蛋白质组比较

Comparative Analysis of Proteome Complement between WorkerBee Larvae of High Royal Jelly Producing Bees (A. m. ligustica) and Carniolians (A. m. carnica) Bees

【目的】对王浆高产蜜蜂(A.m.ligustica,浆蜂)与喀尼鄂拉蜂(A.m.carnica,喀蜂)工蜂幼虫期进行蛋白质组比较,以探明两蜂种幼虫期不同日龄蛋白质表达调控方面的异同。【方法】采用双向电泳对浆蜂与喀蜂工蜂幼虫期蛋白质组进行研究。【结果】在幼虫期2日龄,浆蜂的蛋白表达谱为283个蛋白,喀蜂为152个蛋白,两蜂种共有蛋白点为110个,其中24个点浆蜂表达量显著大于喀蜂,15个蛋白喀蜂表达量显著大于浆蜂,而浆蜂特异蛋白为173个,而喀蜂特异蛋白为42个;幼虫4日龄时,浆蜂总蛋白点数为290个,喀蜂总蛋白点数为240个蛋白,两蜂种共有蛋白点为163个,其中24个点浆蜂表达量显著大于喀蜂,15个蛋白喀蜂表达量显著大于浆蜂,而浆蜂特异蛋白为126个,喀蜂特异蛋白为77个;到达幼虫6日龄时,浆蜂蛋白组含236个蛋白,喀蜂蛋白质组含180个蛋白,两蜂种共有蛋白点为132个,其中22个点显示浆蜂表达量显著大于喀蜂,11个蛋白喀蜂表达量显著大于浆蜂,而浆蜂特异蛋白为104个,喀蜂特异蛋白为48个。【结论】在蜜蜂幼虫期浆蜂较喀蜂表达的蛋白总数和特有蛋白多,说明浆蜂较喀蜂幼虫的基因表达和代谢更加旺盛。在2蜂种幼虫期表达的共有蛋白中,其中一些蛋白的表达量存在差异,而2蜂种在3个日龄所表达的特有蛋白的数和量也存在一定差异,这些说明幼虫发育需要管家蛋白和不同发育阶段相应的特定蛋白来调控,但管家蛋白和特有蛋白在2蜂种的表达模式存在差异。

[Objective] This study is to compare the protein composition of the high royal jelly producing bee （A. m. ligustica） with that of camiolians （A. m. carnica） during their worker larval developmental stage. [Method] The experiment was carded out by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. [Result] The results showed that significant higher number of total proteins （283） were detected in larvae of high royal jelly producing bees （Jelly bee） than those of carniolian bees （152） in 2-day old larvae. Among them 110 proteins were presented in both of the bee strains larvae, while 173 proteins were specific to larvae of Jelly bees, and 42 proteins were exclusive to carniolian larvae. While on the fourth day, a significant higher number of total proteins （290） were detected in larvae of Jelly bees than those of carniolian bees （240）, 163 proteins resolved to both bees larvae, and 127 proteins were specific to Jelly bees and 77 proteins to carniolian bees. Until the sixth day, also a significant higher number of total proteins （236） were detected in larvae of Jelly bees than those of carniolian bees （180）, 132 proteins were constantly expressed in two bees larvae, while 104 and 48 proteins are unique to Jelly bees and carniolian larvae, respecitively. [Conclusions] It is tentatively concluded that the metabolic rate and gene expression of Jelly bees larvae is more higher than those of carniolian bees based proteins detected as total proteins and proteins specific to each stage of two strains of bee larvae. Proteins constantly expressed on 3 stages of larval development with some significant differences between two bee strains and, proteins unique to each stage expressed differently in term of quality and quantity, indicating that larval development need house keeping and specific proteins to regulate its growth at different development phages, but the expression mold is different between two strains in larval development.