玉米温热杂交种光周期敏感相关性状的遗传模型研究

Study on the Genetic Models of Traits Related to the Photoperiod Sensitive Phenomenon of the Temperate×Tropical Crosses in Maize

【目的】分析玉米温热杂交种的光周期敏感特性及相关性状的遗传模型。【方法】以9份北方温带选系和8份含热带、亚热带种质的南方选系,按NCⅡ设计组配72个温热杂交种,分别在北京和雅安进行田间试验。【结果】供试温热杂交种总体均表现出较强的光周期敏感性,ASI等10个性状为温热杂交种光周期敏感性相关性状。其遗传模型大多数符合加性-显性遗传模型,少数属于加性-显性-上位性遗传模型;多数性状以加性效应为主,非加性效应为辅,随着日照变长,加性效应的主导地位更加突出。【结论】将热带、亚热带玉米种质利用于温带玉米遗传改良及育种时,应注重相关性状的加性基因效应。

[Objective] The objective of this study is to analyze the genetic models of traits related to the photoperiod phenomenon of the temperatextropical crosses in maize. [ Method ] According to NCⅡ genetic mating design, 72 temperate-tropical hybrids were made by crossing between nine northern inbred lines and eight southern inbred lines. Then the photoperiod sensitivity and genetic models of related traits were analyzed based on field experiments conducted on Beijing and Ya＇an. [Result] Those hybrids have different strong level of photoperiod sensitivity, most of the genetic models of traits related to photoperiod sensitivity, including ASI, belonged to additive-dominance genetic model, few of them were additive-dominance-epistasis genetic model, most of them have main additive genetic effect, along with the length of sunshine, the additive genetic effect will become more important. [ Conclusion] Additive gene effect should be considered while tropical or subtropital germplasm is utilized in temperate maize zone.