聚乙二醇改性菜籽油的碱催化合成及性能

Synthesis and Surface-active Properties of Polyethylene Glycol Modified Rapeseed Oil

在固体碱催化下,由菜籽油改性制得的菜籽油脂肪酸甲酯与聚乙二醇400(PEG400)进行酯交换反应,合成了绿色可降解的多功能非离子表面活性剂聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯。对酯交换反应的主要影响因素和产物性能进行了考察。结果表明,在m(菜籽油脂肪酸甲酯)∶m(PEG400)=2.0∶1.0,催化剂w(CaO/ZrO2)=0.8%(相对于反应物总质量),温度130℃,反应时间7.5h的条件下,聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯产率达91.56%;产物浊点53℃、表面张力35mN/m、乳化性361s、润湿力59s,说明具有很好的表面活性。

The nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol ester of fatty acids was prepared with rapeseed oil as the main raw material by alcoholysis with methanol and then transesterification of the methyl ester of rapeseed oil fatty acids with polyethylene glycol 400 （PEG400） in the presence of alkali catalyst. Thus, methyl ester of the fatty acids and PEG400 in mass ratio 2.0： 1.0,in the presence of 0. 8% catalyst CaO/ZrO2 （relative to the quality of total reactants）, reacted at 130℃ for 7.5 h to give polyethylene glycol ester of the fatty acids in 91.56% yield. The cloud point of the product was 53 ℃ ,the surface tension was 35 mN/m,the emulsifiability was 361 s,and the wettability was 59 s, denoting a good surface activity.