大豆种质资源农艺性状的遗传参数分析

Analysis on Genetic Parameters of Agronomic Characters in Soybean Germplasm Resources

对来自不同产地的377份大豆品种10个主要农艺性状在北京地区的表现进行遗传参数研究。结果表明:生态区间大豆种质资源的产量构成因素在品种间均达极显著水平,品种间农艺性状存在极显著差异,主要农艺性状的变异系数存在着差异性。具有极大遗传进度(RGS%>40%)且遗传力>60%的有南方大豆的株高;具中等遗传进展(40%>RGS%>10%)且遗传力>60%的性状有北方复种夏播大豆区品种的株高、单株荚数、全生育期,北方一熟春播大豆区品种的结荚高度,南方复种多播季大豆区品种的结荚高度、全生育期,国外品种的株高、全生育期;具一定的遗传进展(1%>RGS%>5%)且遗传力>60%的有:北方一熟春播大豆区品种的单株产量。在5%的选择强度下,全生育期、株高、结荚高度、单株荚数、百粒重、单株产量的相对遗传进度均大于20%。

377 varieties from different zones were planted in Beijing and their genetic parameters were ana lyzed using 15 agronomic characters in soybean. The results showed that the yield components were very significant differences among different varieties, and the agronomic characters were also very significant differences. The plant height of soybean, from southward was a very genetic advance（RGS%〉40%）and heritability was more than 60%. The plant height, pods per plant and whole growth period of north summer seeding soybean, height of first pod of north spring sowing soybean, height of first pod and whole growth period of south multicast seeding soybean and plant height and whole growth period of foreign soybean were medium genetic advances（40%〉RGS%〉10%）and heritability was more than 60%. The yield per plant of north spring sowing soybean has some genetic Advance between 1% and 5 %, and heritability was more than 60%. The relative genetic progress from whole growth period, plant height, height of first pod, pods per plant, 100-seed weight and yield per plant were more than 20% on the selection intensity conditions.