网室栽培香蕉耗水特征及合理灌溉水量确定

Characteristics of Banana Evapotranspiration and Irrigation Water Amount under Screenhouse Cultivation

主要研究网室和不同灌溉水量下香蕉的耗水特征，确定香蕉的作物系数。处理包括大田充分灌溉处理（100％），网室充分灌溉处理（100％）和亏水处理（5S％），香蕉的耗水量（ET）用热消散茎液流法测定。试验结果显示，在3种处理间香蕉叶面积差异不显著（P〉0．05），网室内香蕉的耗水量比大田降低了44％～55％；网室内2种灌溉水量条件下香蕉蒸散量差异不显著（P〉0．05），说明55％处理灌溉水量已经能够满足香蕉的生长，这个结果也和网室内蒸散量降低值一致。建议当地进行网室内香蕉栽培时，灌溉水量选取大田的一半即可。

The objective of this paper was to study the effects of screenhouse and irrigation water amount on banana growth and crop water use （ET）. An experiment was carried out in a banana field on the south bank of Galilee Lake in Israel from July to Oct in 2005. There were three treatments in the experiment： banana cuhivation in the open field with a full irrigation （100% ）, in the screenhouse with a full irrigation （100%） and in the screenhouse with deficit irrigation （55%）. Banana ET was measured using Thermal Dissipation Probe method, one of sap flow methods. Results showed that leaf area of banana plant was not statistically different （P〉0.05） among the three treatments, while banana ET inside the screenhouse was lower about 44%～55% in comparison with the open field. Inside the screenhouse, banana ET was not statistically different （P）0.05） between full irrigation and deficit irrigation, which means 55% irrigation was enough for banana-screenhouse cultivation. In a conclusion, half water of the open field was recom- mended for irrigation scheduling of banana plant cultivated in the screenhouse.