两熟制杂交中稻超稀旱育秧迟栽产量及节水效应研究

Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Two-harvest Mid-season Hybrid Rice under Super Sparse Late Transplanted and Dry Seedling Cultivation

为了探索川西北丘陵区两熟制杂交中稻的抗旱节水栽培途径,以2个杂交水稻品种进行了超稀旱育秧分期移栽试验,研究了不同秧龄处理下水稻的生长发育、产量状况和节水效应。结果表明,秧龄处理对水稻同一品种的见穗期、完全齐穗和抽穗持续的时间长短有一定的影响,但对成熟期的影响很小;在采用旱稀育壮秧和良好管理条件下,适度范围内的推迟移栽,杂交稻仍然能保持正常的本田分蘖能力,保持良好的穗粒结构,达到较高的产量水平;推迟水稻的移栽期可以大幅度地减少本田前期灌溉用水量,提高灌溉水的生产效率,取得明显的节水效果。

In order to explore a way to resistant drought and water saving for two-harvest mid-season hy- brid rice in hilly areas of northwest Sichuan, two hybrid rice were selected to carry out super sparse in dif- ferent phase transplant experiment, the growth status, yield status and water use efficiency were studied. Results： for same rice variety, the initial heading stage, full panicle stage and heading duration were af- fected by transplant time, but autumn was affected slightly. In the super sparse dry cultivating strong seedling and good field management conditions, transplant time was postponed in certain degree, which could keep rice with natural tillering ability, good heading grain structure and preferably yield in field; Irrigation water volume could be reduced, irrigation water production efficiency could be improved and water was saved in large scale by postponing transplant stage.