日本资本主义制度确立时期的财政政策

Financial Policies of Japan in the Period of Establishing Capitalism

1877年的西南战争使明治政府真正实现了中央集权。从1877年西南战争结束至1889年《大日本帝国宪法》的颁布,为日本近代资本主义制度确立时期。此间明治政府建立并完善内阁制,开设国会,制定并颁布宪法,建立近代天皇制;与其相适应,财政上,在致力于建立、完善近代财政金融制度的同时,开始由积极财政政策向财政紧缩政策转变。本文重点探讨此间明治政府财政政策转变的原因、内容及影响。

The South-west war in 1877 helped the Meiji Administration establish its centralization.From the end of this war to the promulgation of Meiji Constitution in 1889,the capitalist system has been established in Japan.In politics,the government established and hence perfected its modern cabinet,the congress and the Mikado System along with the promulgation of the constitution.In economy,it shifted from positive financial policy to tight financial policy so as to establish the modern financial system.The reasons,content and influence of the financial policy change in this period are discussed in this paper.