十六七世纪天主教在日本“慈善传教”评析

An Analysis on "Missionary through Charity" of Catholic in Japan in the 16^(th) and 17^(th) Centuries

16、17世纪之交,在日本的耶稣会士以"谋略智取型"开展送医送药、救助奴隶、兴办教育等"慈善活动",在社会底层民众中赢得了大量信众,开辟了一个"天主教时代"。这与天主教在拉美对异教徒采用以"刀剑传教"的赤裸裸的征服完全不同,成为天主教传教史上极具典型意义的特例。究其原因,是由于在日耶稣会缺乏武力后援且为适应文化差异而被迫采用的传教策略。"慈善传教"与"刀剑传教"在形式上大相径庭,然两者的目的却是"殊途同归"。

At the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries,the Jesuits in Japan won the trust among the grass-rooted public through strategic tactics,including free medical care,aids for slaves and establishment of educational institutes.It opened an era of catholic,and was greatly different from what Catholic had done in Latin America through naked occupation with swords and forces.It is considered as a typical case of significance in Catholic missionary history.The strategy was adopted because of its lack of power reinforcement and of the cultural differences.The two strategies differ in the form,but result in the similar consequence.