引入青海省小尾寒羊血液生化遗传多态性的研究

Investigation of Polymorphism of Biochemical Genetics in BLood of Han-sheep with Small-tail Introduced into Qinghai Province

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和火焰光度法对89只引入青海省小尾寒羊血液中HB,K,AMY1,AMY2和ES 5个位点的多态性特征进行了研究。结果为:①在引入青海省小尾寒羊的HB,K,AMY 2和ES 4个位点上发现多态性,多态性位点比例为80.0%;②每个位点实有的平均等位基因数为1.8000个,平均有效等位基因数为1.3981个,基因平均杂合度为0.2505,基因均质度指数为0.4990;③小尾寒羊与藏羊的遗传距离较小(0.04326),而与青海细毛羊(0.15649)和新疆细毛羊(0.16644)的遗传距离较大;④聚类分析表明:小尾寒羊与藏羊聚为一个支树系,而青海细毛羊、新疆细毛羊和青海半细毛羊聚为另一个支树系,表明:小尾寒羊与藏羊有较近的亲缘关系。

89 Han-sheep with small-tail introduced into Qinghai province were used to investigate the polymorphism characters on five loci including HB, K, AMYI, AMY2 and ES in blood by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and flame photometer. The results were as follows ： （1）The polymorphism was showed on four loci including HB, K, AMY2 and ES, and the proportion of polymorphism loci was 80.0%. （2）The average true number of alleles and the average effective number of alleles were 1. 8000 and 1. 3981 ,respectively. The average gene heterozygosity and the average gene homogeneity index were 0.2505 and 0. 4990, respectively. （3）There was the smaller genetic distance between Han-sheep with small-tail and Tibetan sheep （ 0.04326 ） and the bigger genetic distance of Han-sheep with smalI-tail to Qinghai finewool sheep （ 0. 15649 ） and Xinjiang fine-wool sheep （ 0. 16644 ）. （4）The results of cluster analysis showed that Han-sheep with small-tail and Tibetan sheep were divided into a tree branch, but Qinghai fine-wool sheep, Xinjiang fine-wool sheep and Qinghai semifine-wool sheep divided into other tree branch which showed that there was the closer blood relationship between Han-sheep with small-tail and Tibetan sheep.