黄河三角洲海岸带生态地质环境演化

Evolution of eco-geological environment in coastal zone of Yellow River Delta

通过历史和实际调查资料对比,分析研究了黄河三角洲海岸带生态地质环境变化状况及其发展规律,探讨了各种引起环境演化的因素。分析表明,自1997年以来该地区生态地质环境退化表现为地下水矿化度升高、土壤盐渍化加重、湿地天然性降低和海岸蚀退,但该地区的污染状况有所好转。引起环境变化的主要因素包括黄河断流、黄河来水来沙量减少、相对海平面上升、风暴潮灾、油田开发及滩涂开发与围海等。

The variation conditions and development regularities of eco-geological environment in coastal zone of the Yellow River Delta are analyzed and studied by comparing the historical with the field survey data, and the factors causing the environmental evolution are also explored. It is shown from the analysis results that since 1997, the degeneration of eco-geological environment in the area is characterized by increase in degree of groundwater mineralization, aggravated soil salinization, decrease in natural wetland and coastal retrogradation, but the pollution condition was mitigated. The main factors are the changes in eco-geological environment include the Yellow River zeroflow, reduction in amount of the Yellow River incoming water and sediment, rise in relative sea level, storm surge disaster, oil field development and reclamation from the sea.