济宁市糖尿病患者行为危险因素分析

Analysis of behavioral risk factors in patients with of diabetes in Jining City

目的探讨济宁市糖尿病患者相关行为及生活方式中的主要危险因素,为城市社区人群制定适宜的预防和干预措施提供科学依据。方法在济宁市医院和社区内随机选取糖尿病人和非糖尿病人各330例作为研究对象,利用自行设计的调查表,进行成组设计的病例对照研究,采用单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归分析方法处理资料。结果多因素Logistic回归分析显示,糖尿病的发病与吸烟(OR=1.520,P=0.047)、吸烟指数(OR=1.223,P=0.010),嗜甜食(OR=18.497,P=0.000),嗜腌制食品(OR=12.783,P=0.000),重度职业性体力活动(OR=1.630,P=0.003),人际关系冲突(OR=1.214,P=0.027),亲人亡故(OR=1.355,P=0.038)呈正相关,与经常进行体育锻炼(OR=0.310,P=0.000),生活有规律(OR=0.381,P=0.028)呈负相关,均具有统计学意义。结论嗜甜食、嗜腌制食品、吸烟指数、重度职业性体力活动、精神创伤是影响糖尿病发病的独立危险因素,而经常参加体育锻炼、生活有规律是糖尿病的保护因素。因此倡导健康合理的生活方式,是预防和控制糖尿病的重要措施。

Objective To explore main behavioral and life-style risk factors in patients with diabetes in Jining City, Shandong, China and provide scientific evidence for development of appropriate prevention and intervention measures in urban community groups. Methods A group-matched case-control study based on hospital was carried out in Jining City, involving 330 cases of diagnosed diabetes and 330 controls without diabetes. Data were analyzed by both univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression methods using SPSS 11.5 version software for Windows. Results Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking （ OR = 1.520, P = 0.047）, smoking-index （ OR = 1.223, P = 0.010）, frequent sweet food intake （ OR = 18.497, P = 0.000） and salty food intake （ OR = 12.783, P = 0.000）. heavy occupational physical activity （ OR = 1.630, P = 0.003）, interpersonal conflict （ OR = 1.214, P = 0.027） and events of death of relative （ OR = 1.355, P = 0.038） were all significantly associated with diabetes adjusted for other factors. Frequently physical exercise （ OR = 0.310, P = 0.000） and keeping in regular life （ OR = 0.381, P = 0.028） were inversely associated with diabetes. Conclusion Frequent sweet and salty food intake, smoking index, heavy occupational physical activity and mental trauma all might be associated independently with diabetes in Jining City, while frequently physical exercises and regular life were protective factors for diabetes. It is important to advocate healthy and reasonable way of life to prevent and control diabetes.