玉米杂交新品种的引进与综合评价

Introduction and Comprehensive Evaluation of New Varieties of Hybrid Maize

[目的]加快玉米新品种在农业生产上的应用,进一步筛选出适合当地的优质、高产、多抗的玉米新品种,为今后新品种的示范推广工作提供科学依据,避免盲目引种给农业、农民及种子企业带来的经济损失。[方法]用遵玉3号为对照,对引进的10个玉米新品种在遵义的不同试点进行区域品比试验,采用随机区组5行区设计,3次重复,成熟时以中间3行计算产量,并对其综合评价。[结果]对这10个玉米品种的生育期、株高、茎粗、抗逆性、出籽率、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、百粒重、行粒数、秃顶度等指标的测定结果表明,以ZY-56的表现最好,产量比对照增产10.4%,各种性状表现较好,抗逆性较强,ZY-77、ZY-28、ZY-18分别比对照增产8.9%、8.5%、8.3%,达显著水平。[结论]ZY-56的表现最好,适合在贵州遵义大面积种植,其余品种建议再试验、示范。

[ Objective] The research aimed to speed up the application of new maize varieties in agricultural production, further screen the local high-quality, high yield, the number of new varieties of maize, for providing the scientific basis for the demonstration and extend of the new variety in future, avoiding blind the economic losses to the introduction of agriculture, farmers and seed companies. [ Method ] Taking the No. 3 as the control, the regional comparison test of 10 new varieties of maize was made in different regional of Zunyi. A random group was designed to 5, repeated three times, the yield of the middle line 3 was calculated during the ripe time, and its comprehensive evaluation was made. [ Result] The results of reproductive age, height, stem diameter, resistance, the seed rate, ear, ear length, ear diameter, ear rows, 100-seed weight, row grains, bald degree of 10 maize varieties showed that ZY-56 was the best performance, the output increased of 10.4% over the contril, atl kinds of characters were better, stronger resistance. And the yield of ZY-77, ZY-28, ZY-18 increased of 8.9% , 8.5 %, 8.3% over the control respeetively, reached the significant levels. [ Conclusion] The ZY-56 of the best performance for the large area is suitable to plant in Zunyi of Guizhou, and the remaining varieties should be tested and demonstrated.