棉花工厂化育苗无土移栽密度对农艺性状的影响

Effects of Transplanting Density of Industrial Seedling without Soil on Cotton Agronomic Characters

[目的]研究棉花工厂化育苗无土移栽的适宜密度。[方法]以豫杂35为试材，采用随机区组设计，设6个移栽密度：10500、15000、19500、24000、28500和31500株／hm^2，3次重复，研究移栽密度对株高、絮铃、成铃、幼铃数量及产量的影响。[结果]移栽密度与絮铃数呈正相关（R=0．908），与成铃数、幼铃数和株高呈负相关，相关系数分别为-0．865、-0．909和-0．895。密度为10500—31500林／hm^2时，絮铃占总铃数的比重由14．7％增加到23．4％，而成铃比重在61.2％-68．6％、幼铃比重在15．5％～17．0％。6个密度间株高存在显著、棉花产量存在极显著差异，24000株／hm^2时产量最高，当密度低于15000株／hm^2时，产量会明显降低。株高与产量的相关性较低（R=-0．696）。[结论]为棉花工厂化育苗无土移栽技术的推广应用提供了参考。

[ Objective ] The study was to study the suitable transplanting density of the industrial cotton seedlings without soil. [ Method ] In the field test with randomized block design and 3 repeats, with Yuza 35 as tested materials, 6 transplanting densities such as 10 500, 15 000, 19 500, 24 000, 28 500 and 31 500 plants/hm^2 were set up to study the effects of transplanting density on plant height, quantity of open bolls, formed bolls, young bolls and yields. [ Result ] The transplanting density had positive correlation with the number of Open bolls （R = 0.908）, and had negative correlation with the number of formed bolls, young bolls and plant height and their correlation coefficient were -0.865, -0.909 and -0. 895 resp. When the density was 10 500 - 31 500 plants/hm^2, the proportion of open bolls in total bolls was increased from 14.7% to 23.4% , and that of formed bolls was between 61.2% - 68.6% , and young bolls was between 15.5% - 17. 0%. The plant height had significant difference and the cotton yields had obvious difference amovg 6 density treatments. The cotton yield was the highest when the density was 24 000 plants/hm^2. But when the density was lower than 15 000 plants/hm^2, the cotton yields would decrease obviously. The correlation between plant height and yields was lower （R = -0. 696）. [ Conclusion] The study provided the reference for the popularization and application of the technology of cotton transplanting without soil for industrial seedlings.