不同水分处理对冬小麦生长及产量的影响

Effect of Different Water Treatments on Growth and Yield of Winter Wheat

[目的]寻求适合于黄淮海地区冬小麦需水规律的灌水模式。[方法]以郑麦98为供试品种,对冬小麦6个不同生育期进行不同程度的干旱处理,研究不同水分处理对冬小麦生长和产量的影响。[结果]不同生育时期、不同程度的水分亏缺对冬小麦株高、分蘖、叶面积及干物质累积量影响不同。冬小麦生长前期(苗期、越冬期和返青期)亏水后恢复正常灌溉,对株高、最终的分蘖、叶面积及干物质累积量的影响不大。在冬小麦生长前期灌水控制下限为45%田间持水量,在拔节期、抽穗扬花期和灌浆成熟期的灌水下限分别控制在田间持水量的65%、70%和65%,是适合于黄淮海地区冬小麦需水规律的灌水模式。[结论]该研究提出的灌水模式显著提高了冬小麦产量和水分利用效率。

[ Objective ] The study aimed to seek for the irrigation mode suitable for the water requirement of winter wheat in Huanghuaihai area. [ Method ] With Zhengmsi 98 as tested material, the drought treatments to different extent were carried out in 6 growing stages of winter wheat to study the effects of different water treatments on growth and yield in winter wheat. [ Result ] The water deficiency to different extent in different growing stages had different effects on plant height, final filler, leaf area and dry matter accumulation in winter wheat and the water deficiency in growth prophase （seedling, wintering and the turning green stages） of winter wheat had litter effects on plant height, final filler, leaf area and dry matter accumulation after the normal irrigation was recovered. The lower irrigation limit was 45% of field water-holding capacity during growing prophase of winter wheat and the lower irrigation limits were controlled by 65% , 70% and 65% resp. in stages of jointing, beading and flowering, and filling and ripening, which was a proper irrigation mode for water requirement of winter wheat in Huanghuathai area. [ Conclusion] The irrigation mode presented by this study increased the yield and water use efficiency in winter wheat remarkably.