对伯恩施坦主义的重新解读

Rethinking of Bernsteinism

伯恩斯坦主要从资本主义"崩溃论"、"和平长入社会主义论"、"最终目的和运动"以及"修正主义"的内涵四个方面,对马克思主义作了修正,这是为适应欧洲资本主义发展的现状和欧洲工人阶级斗争的需要,而对马克思主义的斗争策略作的探索、修正和调整。应该说,在资本主义有更长寿命和更强弹性的历史条件下,伯恩斯坦能根据时代的变化和世界社会主义运动出现的新问题,提出符合当时历史发展要求和有利于推动社会历史进步的理论见解和政策应对,是值得肯定的。马克思主义面临着发展和创新,仅仅宣称"修正主义"背离了马克思主义这种简单化的做法是不足取的,科学的态度是对这些问题逐个进行分析,从而得出基本的结论。

Marxism needs creation which does mean negation of certain principle or conclusion rather than negation of the truth of Marxism. Therefore, it is not suitable to simply asserting that Revisionism deviates from Marxism. The paper makes a detailed examination of the way by which Bernstein revised Marxism from aspects of theory of capitalism collapse; idea of 'keeping into Socialism by peace' ; 'ultimate end and movement' and content of Revisionism. It concludes that it is under the background of prosperity and activity of capitalism that Bernstein made a new exploration, revision and adjustment of struggle strategy of Marxism to adapt to situation of capitalism in Europe and to meet the need of class struggle of European workers.