舰船电缆间距的电磁兼容性优化研究

Optimizing ship cable spacing distance to maximize electromagnetic compatibility

舰船电缆敷设密集,其电磁兼容性研究十分困难.根据双导体传输线模型,通过对受外场辐射的电缆线受干扰情况的分析,获得了电缆线终端负载处电流的解,并推导出电缆线间的串扰耦合系数的计算公式.仿真计算表明电缆间距离对这2种干扰影响截然相反.采用遗传算法对电缆间距离进行了优化,给出了最佳布局方案.优化的结果符合客观实际,可作为工程中电缆布局的依据.

Electronic cable layout on a ship is inevitably crowded, so cable electromagnetic compatibility（EMC） is very hard to be guaranteed. The effects of proximity were first analyzed based on the two-wire transmission line model. Then the solution of currents at the end of the cable was obtained by analyzing the interference of transmis- sion lines caused by an incident field. The formula of coefficients for cross-talk coupling between transmission lines was derived using circuit theory. Simulation showed that the distance between two lines has completely different effects on the two different types of interferences. To design the most effective layout, the spacing distances between cables were optimized using genetic algorithms （GA）. The optimization results were in reasonable agreement with the practical engineering, giving confidence that this method will be helpful in planning the layout of cable.