非言语型学习障碍儿童视觉空间工作记忆的研究

Visual Spatial Working Memory in Nonverbal Learning Disabilities

目的探讨非言语型学习障碍儿童视觉空间工作记忆的特点。方法采用分别考察视觉空间工作记忆的存储和加工能力的被动记忆、主动记忆、图片记忆和词义联想四个实验任务,比较了非言语型学习障碍儿童(NLD)与言语型学习障碍儿童(VLD)及正常儿童视觉空间工作记忆的差异。结果NLD儿童在四个实验任务上的成绩均显著低于VLD儿童和正常儿童,而VLD与正常儿童之间差异不显著。结论NLD儿童的视觉空间工作记忆存在缺陷。

We explored the visual spatial working memory functions in primary school students with nonverbal learning disabilities. Our subjects were children with nonverbal learning disabilities （NLD） and with verbal learning disabilities （VLD） and the controls. They were asketd to complete a battery of four tasks involving the passive task, active task, picture task and imagination task to test the ability of storing and processing information with visual spatial working memory. We obtained the results. The NLD group got significantly lower scores in all tasks and no difference was found between the VLD group and the controls. Our conclusion is that the NLD children have severe impairment in their visual spatial working memory.