引入绿水概念的水资源评估及其管理革新研究

Research on Water Resource Assessment and Management Innovations with Green Water Concept Introduced

传统的水资源评估和管理只考虑了地表水和地下水,即"蓝水",而忽视了在维护生态系统和雨养农业等方面具有重要作用的"绿水"。引入绿水概念,并针对绿水研究中缺乏小尺度评估方法等问题,以碧流河上游地区为例,使用SWAT水文模型在小尺度统一评估了蓝水量和绿水(包括绿水流和绿水贮存),并研究了其时空分布规律。探讨了绿水概念给水资源管理带来的革新。研究结果表明,使用SWAT分布式水文模型统一评估流域蓝水和绿水,是引入绿水概念后进行小尺度水资源评估的有效办法,值得在中国的流域推广使用。评估结果和相关的时空分布研究对水资源管理有重要的指导作用。绿水概念的引入为水资源的管理与决策提供了新的思路和更加科学的办法。

＂Green Water＂ is disregarded in traditional water resource researches, which has been the subject of much interest in recent years in the world. By now, most of the green water evaluation methods only focus on large scale area, which is lack of precision. In this study,with a case study in a 1,328 km2 river basin in Northeastern China, a hydrological model, SWAT （Soil and Water Assessment Tool）, is introduced to assess the green water and blue water at subbasin level on basin scale and to study the temporal and spatial distributions of water resources. The innovations in water nmnagements are discussed with green water concept introduced. All the results show that SWAT model is a good tool to assess green water and blue water and to study the temporal and spatial distributions of water resources on basin scale. It can benefit decision making for planning and management of water resources a lot after green water conceot is introduced.