饲料中脂肪含量对花生长性能的影响

Effects of Dietary Lipid Level on Growth Performance in Juvenile Hemibarbus maculates

在水温23±5℃下,将体重14.38g的花(Hemibarbus maculates)鱼种放养在18个60cm×60cm×120cm的网箱中,网箱放在室外2个6.0m×2.0m×1.2m的流水池中,投喂以鱼粉、玉米蛋白、豆粕和棉粕为蛋白源,以豆油为脂肪源配制成脂肪含量为5.20%、7.21%、9.23%、11.18%,13.21%和15.20%的6种等氮半纯化饲料,每种饲料3个重复。100d的饲养试验表明,饲料脂肪水平低于11.18%时,特定生长率、饲料转化率、蛋白质效率和营养物质消化率与饲料脂肪水平呈正相关,各组间肌肉和肝胰脏的粗脂肪含量无显著差异(P>0.05);饲料脂肪水平高于11.18%时,特定生长率、饲料转化率和蛋白质效率与饲料脂肪水平呈负相关,各组间肌肉和肝胰脏的粗脂肪含量差异显著(P<0.05)。花摄食脂肪含量为11.18%的饲料时,特定生长率、蛋白质效率最高,饲料系数最低,与饲料脂肪水平为5.20%和15.20%的试验组间差异显著(P<0.05)。肌肉渗出性损失和肝体比随饲料脂肪水平的增加而逐渐升高。综合各项指标,推荐1龄花鱼种饲料脂肪水平为9.20%￣11.18%。

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth performance in Hemibarbus maculates. The juveniles （14.38 g body weight） were stocked into 18 net cages, 60 cm × 60 cm×120 cm per cage, which were placed in two concrete ponds of each 6.0 m×2.0 m×1.2 m with flowing water. The water temperature was at 23±5 ℃. The juveniles were fed isonitrogenous semi-purified diets for 100 days containing with fish meal, corn protein, soybean meal, cottonseed meal and soybean oil. The dietary lipid levels were as follows： 5.20%, 7.21%, 9.23%, 11.18%, 13.21% and 15.20%. The results showed that the specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were directly proportional to the dietary fat levels in the juveniles fed the diets containing fat less than 11.18%, whereas, there were an inverse correlation at the dietary fat levels over 11.18%. The treatments were no significant difference in crude fat content in the hepatopancreas and muscles （P〉0.05） within fat levels from 5.20% to 11.18%. The maximum specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio and minimum feed conversion ratio were observed in the juveniles fed the diets containing 11.18% of fat, significantly different from those fed the diets containing 5.20% and 15.20% of fat （P〈0.05）. With the increase in dietary fat, the fish had high hepatopanereas somatic indices （HSI） and muscular exudative losses. The optimal dietary fat level was suggested to be 9.23%-11.18% for the juveniles.