二十世纪二十年代世界新宪法在中国的传播及影响

The Introduction and Emulation of the New Constitution after the First World War In China in the 1920's

第一次世界大战结束后,德国等国颁布了不同于传统资本主义宪法的新宪法。1920年代中国知识界对此进行了及时引介与热情宣传,当时出台的多部宪法文本也大量移植了世界新宪法的内容。1920年代中国对世界新宪法的宣传与移植,是对前一阶段学习西方制度不成功历程的反思和改良;反映出知识界与立宪者希望借助立宪避免和消除西方社会种种弊端的愿望;也是五四时期各种社会思潮相互激荡的结果。世界新宪法对民国的宪法观念与宪法编纂产生了重要影响。

After the First World War some countries like Germany promulgated new constitutions. These constitutions were different from the old traditional constitutions of the capitalist countries in civil rights, political systems, etc. The Chinese intellectuals in the 1920＇s paid close attention to the reform of the constitutions in the world and propagated them enthusiastically. The constitutions after the First World War influenced deeply the concepts of constitutions and constitutionalism of China. The Chinese intellectuals in the 1920＇s hoped to avoid the social problems of the capitalist countries by learning from the new constitutions.