花江喀斯特地区花椒人工林的土壤酶演变

Evolution of soil enzyme of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum woods in Huajiang Karst area

研究了贵州花江喀斯特地区不同林龄花椒林下的土壤酶活性，结果表明：蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶活性随着林龄的增加而呈上升趋势，蔗糖酶活性变化较大，变幅为13．2～52．3，淀粉酶、蛋白酶、过氧化氢酶活性变化小，变幅分别为0．15～0．24，0．32～0．54，5．7～7．3；脲酶活性在种植13年后下降；多酚氧化酶活性呈下降趋势，从1年生花椒林的0．41到13年时的0．08，除多酚氧化酶外，1年生花椒林土壤酶活性最低。从土壤生物学的角度看，花椒林目前不仅没有造成土壤质量退化，而且在经营得当的条件下，还可以在一定程度上改善土壤质量，对贵州喀斯特地区的植被恢复有一定的改善作用。

The activities of soil enzyme are analyzed in Zanthoxylum Bungeanum woods of different ages in Huajiang karst area, Guizhou province. The result shows： the activities of sucrase, ymalum, proteinase and peroxidase enhance along with the increase in age of the Zanthoxylum Bungeanum woods. The variation of sucrase activity is great and ranges from 13.2 to 52.3. The variation of ymalum, proteinase and peroxidase are smooth and range from 0. 15 to 0.24, 0.32 to 0. 54, and 5.7 to 7.3. The activity of polyphen oxidase decreases and it changes from 0.41 of one-year woods to 0.08 of thirteen-year old woods. The activity of urease decreases after thirteen years. Without the polyphen oxidase, soil enzyme of one-year Zanthoxylum Bungeanurn forest is least. The Zanthoxylum Bungeanum fwoods does not induce degeneration of soil quality, but also improves the quality if the administration is apt. And the Zanthoxylum Bungeanum woods can advance the forest vegetation in karst areas in Guizhou province.